{"id":15047,"date":"2015-02-27T22:54:01","date_gmt":"2015-02-27T20:54:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/binkelam.com\/?p=15047"},"modified":"2025-12-16T22:45:39","modified_gmt":"2025-12-16T19:45:39","slug":"mobbing-nedir-mobbing-davranislari-nelerdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/binkelam.com\/en\/mobbing-nedir-mobbing-davranislari-nelerdir\/","title":{"rendered":"Mobbing Nedir, Mobbing Davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 Nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

‘Mob’ kelimesi kalabal\u0131k, \u00e7ete, halk tabakas\u0131, ayaktak\u0131m\u0131 vb. anlamlara gelir. \u00a0Genel olarak yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u015fiddet uygulayan d\u00fczensiz ve karars\u0131z bir kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade eder. \u0130\u015f ortam\u0131nda uygulanan ‘Mobbing<\/strong>‘ ise, ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re d\u00fcnyadaki ve \u00fclkemizdeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 60’\u0131n\u0131n, erkeklerin de y\u00fczde 40’\u0131n\u0131n maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ‘\u0130\u015f yerinde psikolojik ter\u00f6r<\/strong>‘ uygulamas\u0131d\u0131r. Mobbingin amac\u0131, ‘Kurban’ olarak se\u00e7ilen ki\u015finin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015ften, bulundu\u011fu pozisyondan, bazen hatta i\u015f hayat\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131n\u0131, ihra\u00e7 edilmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

‘Psikolojik y\u0131ld\u0131rma<\/strong>‘ olarak da tan\u0131mlanabilecek olan mobbing \u00fcstlerle \u00fcstler, astlarla astlar veya \u00fcstlerle astlar aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanabilir. \u00dcstlerin astlara mobbing yapmas\u0131, hukuksal – sosyal yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 maalesef daha az olan ve s\u0131kl\u0131kla rastlanan bir durumdur.<\/p>\n

Erk sahibi olan ki\u015fi elindeki erki k\u00f6t\u00fc kullanmas\u0131 durumunda zarar g\u00f6rmez, en az\u0131ndan kolayca zarar g\u00f6rmez; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc elinde bedel \u00f6demesini zorla\u015ft\u0131ran, \u00f6teleyen bir g\u00fc\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Daha g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz konumda olan ki\u015finin onunla m\u00fccadeleye girip kazanmas\u0131 \u00e7ok zor, hatta bazen imkans\u0131zd\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden yapt\u0131klar\u0131 pasif bir kabul g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Mobbing genellikle \u015fu \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir: Bir ki\u015fi, i\u015f yerindeki di\u011fer insanlar\u0131, kendi r\u0131zalar\u0131yla veya bir \u015fekilde zorlayarak kendi etraf\u0131nda toplar. Bu grup, se\u00e7ilmi\u015f olan ki\u015fiye kar\u015f\u0131 imalarda bulunur, onunla alay eder, itibar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesini sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. K\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla ki\u015fiyi h\u0131rpalay\u0131p g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczle\u015ftirmeye u\u011fra\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Bu davran\u0131\u015fta genellikle sald\u0131r\u0131lan ki\u015finin ya\u015f\u0131, cinsiyeti, uyru\u011fu, fiziksel engeli, hamilelik vb. \u00f6zel bir durumuna y\u00f6nelik belirgin bir ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. \u00a0Ama mobbing yap\u0131l\u0131rken bu gibi durum ve \u00f6zellikler de kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ama\u00e7 ki\u015finin i\u015f ya\u015fam\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r ve amaca ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in ona y\u00f6nelik pasif ve aktif sald\u0131r\u0131lar yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Pasif sald\u0131rganlarla ba\u015f etmek daha zordur, zira bu ki\u015filer k\u00f6t\u00fc davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 maskelemek i\u00e7in aralara nazik davran\u0131\u015flar da serpi\u015ftirirler.<\/p>\n

Bu k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli eylemler bazen 1 tek ki\u015fi, bazen birka\u00e7 ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6rg\u00fctlenir. Ki\u015finin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurulu\u015f bu bilin\u00e7li, kas\u0131tl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 sona erdirmeyebilir; hatta bazen s\u00fcrece dahil bile olabilir. Bu durumda kurban\u0131n \u00e7aresizli\u011fi daha da artar.<\/p>\n

Mobbing sistemli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r; sald\u0131r\u0131ya maruz kalan ki\u015fiyi savunmas\u0131z ve yard\u0131m alamaz hale getirir. Uzun bir s\u00fcre boyunca ve s\u0131kl\u0131kla tekrarlanan eylemlerin sonucunda ki\u015fi bazen kendi iste\u011fiyle, bazen de ba\u015fka \u00e7aresi kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in istifa eder. Bazen de kovulur veya erken ya\u015fta emekli olmak zorunda kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, dikkatle hayata ge\u00e7irilen senaryolar sayesinde kurban\u0131n hatal\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunmu\u015f veya kendi \u00e7ukurunu kazm\u0131\u015f biri gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesi de sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mobbing sinsi ve yava\u015f bir \u015fekilde ba\u015flar. Birinci a\u015famas\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla hen\u00fcz mobbing olmayan, fakat mobbinge d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme potansiyeli olan kritik bir olay, bir anla\u015fmazl\u0131kt\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zla ilerler; ki\u015fiyi rahats\u0131z eden, ona ac\u0131 veren davran\u0131\u015flar art arda gelir ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fclmez noktaya eri\u015fmesi \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcrmez.<\/p>\n

\u015eiddeti giderek artan s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lara, sosyal sorunlara ve hastal\u0131klara maruz kalan mobbing kurban\u0131<\/strong> baz\u0131 durumlarda ciddi bir hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanabilir, hatta intihar etmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnecek hale gelebilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130sve\u00e7 as\u0131ll\u0131 profes\u00f6r Heinz Leymann taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fyerlerinde ‘Zor’ olarak tan\u0131mlanan baz\u0131 ki\u015filer \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n sonucu enteresand\u0131r: Leymann bu insanlar\u0131n bu s\u0131fatla damgalanmalar\u0131n\u0131n aksi, birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 zor, ki\u015filiklerinde bir bozukluk olan ki\u015filer olmalar\u0131yla ilgisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; i\u015fyerinin yap\u0131s\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn onlar\u0131 bu \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlanacak insanlar haline getirdi\u011fini tespit etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Profes\u00f6r Leymann, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n sonucunda, 5 gruba b\u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 45 farkl\u0131 mobbing davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131 \u00f6zetlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m:<\/p>\n

Ki\u015finin kendini g\u00f6stermesini ve ileti\u015fim kurmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen mobbing davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

– \u00a0\u00dcst\u00fcn\u00fcz, meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z veya mesai arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z sizin kendinizi g\u00f6sterme olanaklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlarlar.<\/p>\n

– \u00a0S\u00f6zl\u00fc ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 tehditler al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

– \u00a0S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz devaml\u0131 olarak kesilir, kendinizi ifade etmeniz engellenir.<\/p>\n

– Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z i\u015f ve \/ veya veya \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n\u0131z s\u00fcrekli olarak ele\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n

– \u00a0Ba\u015fkalar\u0131 sizi y\u00fcksek sesle azarlar, bazen de ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

– \u00a0Rahats\u0131z edici telefonlar al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Sosyal ili\u015fkileri engelleyen mobbing davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

– \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n neredeyse yal\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r, size \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131z i\u00e7in di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlardan ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir alan verilir.<\/p>\n

– \u0130nsanlar size yokmu\u015fsunuz gibi davran\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

– Etraf\u0131n\u0131zdaki insanlar\u0131n sizinle konu\u015famazlar, meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131za bu konuda yasak getirilir.<\/p>\n

– Ba\u015fkalar\u0131na ula\u015fman\u0131z\u0131n engellenir, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerinizi kimseyle konu\u015famadan ge\u00e7irmek durumunda kal\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

\u0130tibar zedelemeye y\u00f6nelik mobbing davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

– \u0130nsanlar \u00a0dini ve siyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc, \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n\u0131z\u0131, milliyetinizi alay konusu yaparlar. Bir \u00f6zr\u00fcn\u00fcz varsa bununla alay ederler.<\/p>\n

– Cinsel imalara maruz kal\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

– \u0130nsanlar arkan\u0131zdan k\u00f6t\u00fc \u015feyler s\u00f6ylerler, hakk\u0131n\u0131zda s\u00f6ylentiler \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

– Size ak\u0131l hastas\u0131 imi\u015fsiniz gibi muamele eder, psikolojik de\u011ferlendirmeden ge\u00e7meniz gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylerler.<\/p>\n

– \u00c7evrenizdekiler sizi g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7 durumlara d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r; bunu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in bazen davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc, sesinizi taklit ederler. Size al\u00e7alt\u0131c\u0131 isimler takarlar.<\/p>\n

– Kendinize duydu\u011funuz g\u00fcveni sarsacak bir i\u015f yapmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

– G\u00f6sterdi\u011finiz \u00e7abalar takdir edilmez, tersine onlardan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmseyen s\u00f6zlerle s\u00f6z edilir.<\/p>\n

– Ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z kararlar s\u00fcrekli sorgulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fam kalitesine ve mesleki duruma y\u00f6nelik mobbing davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

– Size kapasitenizin alt\u0131nda, yeteneklerinizi kullanman\u0131z\u0131 gerektirmeyen ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla onlar\u0131 g\u00f6stermenize olanak vermeyen, anlams\u0131z, \u00f6z g\u00fcveninizi olumsuz etkileyecek i\u015fler verilir.<\/p>\n

– Evinize, i\u015f yerinize, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131za zarar verilir. Mali y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc artt\u0131racak, sizi ekstra harcamalar yapmak zorunda b\u0131rakacak genel zararlar g\u00f6rmeniz sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

– Sahip oldu\u011funuz niteliklerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, itibar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek i\u015fler yapmak durumunda kal\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

– \u0130\u015finiz devaml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilir. Yapman\u0131z\u0131 istedikleri i\u015fleri sizden geri al\u0131rlar ve kendinize yeni bir i\u015f yaratman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6nlerler.<\/p>\n

Do\u011frudan ki\u015finin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik mobbing davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

– Fiziksel \u015fiddete u\u011frama tehditleri al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. Bu tehdit bir oranda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir; size, g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc korkutmak amac\u0131yla, hafif seviyede \u015fiddet uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

– Do\u011frudan cinsel tacize maruz kal\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

– Fiziksel olarak g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc a\u015fan, a\u011f\u0131r i\u015fler yapmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

– Fiziksel zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

‘Mob’ kelimesi kalabal\u0131k, \u00e7ete, halk tabakas\u0131, ayaktak\u0131m\u0131 vb. anlamlara gelir. \u00a0Genel olarak yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u015fiddet uygulayan...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":30499,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[941],"tags":[1401,1402,1403,1404,1405],"class_list":["post-15047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-is-hayati","tag-isyerinde-psikolojik-teror","tag-mobbing","tag-mobbing-davranislari","tag-mobbing-nedir","tag-psikolojik-yildirma"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/binkelam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15047","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/binkelam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/binkelam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/binkelam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/binkelam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15047"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/binkelam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15047\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/binkelam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30499"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/binkelam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/binkelam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/binkelam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}